Analisis Distribusi Ukuran dan Kandungan Logam pada Partikulat di Sekitar Industri Semen Kota Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24036/cived.v10i1.382112Keywords:
Partikulat; Logam Berat; Udara Ambien; Industri Semen.Abstract
Aktivitas penggunaan bahan bakar batu bara pada industri semen di Kota Padang menjadi salah satu zat pencemar yang dilepaskan di udara ambien dalam bentuk partikulat yang mengandung logam berat, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap konsentrasi partikulat Total Suspended Solid (TSP), Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2,5, dan PM1). Penelitian dilakukan pada perumahan di sekiar industri semen. Pengukuran jumlah partikulat dilakukan dengan menggunakan nano sampler dan analisis jumlah partikulat menggunakan metode gravimeteri, untuk analisis logam berat yang terkandung dalam partikulat menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS). Hasil dari pengukuran didapati bahwa konsentrasi partikulat tertinggi berada di Perumahan Unand Blok D dengan persentase TSP sebesar 41% (konsentrasi 60,275 µg/Nm³), PM10 33% (konsentrasi 49,234µg/Nm³), PM2,5 18% (konsentrasi 26,776 µg/Nm³), dan PM1 8% (konsentrasi 12,53 µg/Nm³) dan jika dibandingkan dengan baku mutu, maka konsentrasi partikulat pada udara ambien masih berada di bawah baku mutu. Kandungan logam pada partikulat yang terukur dari tertinggi sampai terendah adalah Ca, Cd, As, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, dan Hg.
Downloads
References
Zhang, S., Worrell, E., Crijns-Graus, W. 2015. Cutting air pollution by improving energy efficiency of China's cement industry. Energy Procedia 83, 10–20.
Saikia, B. K., Ward, C. R., Oliveira, M. L. S., Hower, J. C., De Leao, F., Johnston, M.N., … Silva, L. F. O. 2015. Geochemistry and nano-mineralogy of feed coals, mine overburden, and coal-derived fly ashes from Assam (North-east India): A multi- faceted analytical approach. International Journal of Coal Geology, 137, 19–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.11.002.
Saikia, B. K., Saikia, J., Rabha, S., Silva, L. F. O., & Finkelman, R. 2017. Ambient nanoparticles/nanominerals and hazardous elements from coal combustion activity: Implications on energy challenges and health hazards. Geoscience Frontiers, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2017.11.013
Cheng, Z., Jiang, J., Fajardo, O., Wang, S., Hao, J. 2013. Characteristics and health impacts of particulate matter pollution in China (2001-2011). Atmos. Environ. 65,186e194.
Kim, K.H., Kabir, E., Kabir, S. 2015. A review on the human health impact of airborne particulate matter. Environ. Int. 74, 136–143.
Donaldson, K., Tran, L., Jimenez, L. A., Duffin, R., Newby, D. E., Mills, N., … Stone, V. 2005. Combustion-derived nanoparticles: A review of their toxicology following inhalation exposure. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-2-10.
Huang, D., Xu, J., & Zhang, S. 2012. Valuing the health risks of particulate air pollution in the Pearl River Delta, China. Environmental Science and Policy, 15(1), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.09.007.
Liang, J. 2013. Particulate matter. Chemical Modeling for Air Resources. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-408135-2.00009-4.
Harrison, R. M., Bousiotis, D., Mohorjy, A. M., Alkhalaf, A. K., Shamy, M., Alghamdi, M., Costa, M. 2017. Health risk associated with airborne particulate matter and its components in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Science of the Total Environment, 590–591, 531–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.216.
Rastogi, S.K., Gupta, B.N., Husain, T., Chandra, H., Mathur, N., Pangtey, B.S., Chandra, S.V., Garg, N. 1991. A cross-sectional study of pulmonary function among workers exposed to multimetals in the glass bangle industry. Am. J. Ind. Med. 20, 391e399.
Kuo, C., Wong, R., Lin, J., Lai, J., Lee, H. 2006. Accumulation of chromium and nickel metals in lung tumors from lung cancer patients in Taiwan. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 69, 1337e1344.
Nawrot, T., Plusquin, M., Hogervorst, J., Roels, H.A., Celis, H., Thijs, L., Vangronsveld, J., Van Hecke, E., Staessen, J.A. 2006. Environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of cancer: a prospective population-based study. Lancet Oncol.7, 119e126.
Franck, U., Odeh, S., Wiedensohler, A., Wehner, B., Herbarth, O. 2011. The effect of particle size on cardiovascular disorders-The smaller the worse. Sci. Total Environ. 409, 4217e4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.049.
Dai, Q., Bi, X., Wu, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Xu, H., Yao, L., Jiao, L., Feng, Y. 2015. Characterization and source identification of heavy metals in ambient PM10 and PM2.5 in an integrated iron and steel industry zone compared with a background site. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 15, 875e887.
Kampa, M., Castanas, E. 2008. Human health effects of air pollution. Environ. Pollut. 151, 362e367.
Hua, S., Tian, H., Wang, K., Zhu, C., Gao, J., Ma, Y., Xue, Y., Wang, Y., Duan, S., Zhou, J. 2016. Atmospheric emission inventory of hazardous air pollutants from China's cement plants: temporal trends, spatial variation characteristics and scenario projections. Atmos. Environ. 128, 1–9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Zaky Farnas, Fadjar Goembira, Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
2.jpg)
